Cyclone Separator
Environmental Equipment
Cyclone Dust Collector
Professional Process Equipment Supplier
1. Product Overview
The cyclone dust collector is a mechanical dust separation device that utilizes centrifugal force generated by rotating dust-laden gas to separate particles from the air stream. It features a simple structure with no moving parts, reliable operation, and low maintenance costs. The device directs dust-laden gas tangentially into a cylindrical shell, where it forms a rotating airflow. Dust particles are thrown toward the wall by centrifugal force, slide down along the wall into the hopper, while cleaned gas exits through the inner tube. Cyclone dust collectors achieve high collection efficiency for particles larger than 5μm, making them particularly suitable as pre-separators or primary dust collectors for high-concentration dust-laden gas. Due to their high-temperature, high-pressure, and wear-resistant capabilities, cyclone collectors are widely used in wood processing, grain handling, mining, foundry, and cement industries, and are commonly installed as pre-filter stages before bag filters to reduce the dust load on downstream high-efficiency collectors.
2. Working Principle
The working principle of the cyclone dust collector is based on centrifugal force separation. Dust-laden gas enters the cylindrical section tangentially at high velocity through the inlet, forming a strong rotational airflow inside the body. Dust particles in the rotating flow are thrown toward the wall by centrifugal force; upon impact with the wall, they lose kinetic energy and, under gravity and the downward spiral flow, slide down the wall into the conical section before settling in the bottom hopper. Meanwhile, the cleaned gas forms an inner vortex in the central region and moves upward through the inner tube (exhaust pipe) to exit from the top. The collection efficiency of a cyclone is closely related to inlet gas velocity, body diameter, dust particle size, and density: higher inlet velocity, smaller body diameter, and larger particle size result in higher efficiency. However, excessive inlet velocity increases equipment resistance and wall wear, so the inlet velocity and equipment specifications must be properly selected based on specific operating conditions.
3. System Classification
3.1 Classification by Structure
| Type | Structural Feature | Air Volume Range | Features |
|---|---|---|---|
| Single Cyclone | Single cyclone body | 1,000~30,000m³/h | Simple structure, low resistance, easy maintenance |
| Multi-Cyclone (Parallel) | Multiple small-diameter cyclones in parallel | 10,000~100,000m³/h | Large capacity, high efficiency, compact footprint |
| Twin Cyclone | Two cyclone bodies in parallel | 5,000~50,000m³/h | Balanced efficiency and capacity, stable operation |
3.2 Classification by Efficiency
| Type | Collection Efficiency | Applicable Particle Size | Typical Application |
|---|---|---|---|
| High-Efficiency Cyclone | ≥95% for >10μm dust | >5μm particles | Precision separation, final-stage collection |
| Medium-Efficiency Cyclone | 85~95% for >10μm dust | >10μm particles | General industrial dedusting, pre-separation |
| Pre-Separator | High efficiency for >50μm dust | >50μm particles | Coarse particle pre-separation, downstream protection |
4. Detailed Technical Parameters
4.1 Main Component Materials
| Component | Material | Surface Treatment | Characteristics |
|---|---|---|---|
| Body Cylinder | Q235/SS304/Wear-resistant steel | Anti-corrosion coating/wear ceramic lining | Wear-resistant, corrosion-proof |
| Cone Section | Q235/NM400 wear steel | Wear-resistant inner lining | High wear resistance, extended service life |
| Inner Tube (Vortex Finder) | SS304/Q235 | Polished | Low resistance, corrosion-resistant |
| Inlet | Q235/SS304 | Volute-optimized design | Uniform airflow, reduced turbulence |
| Hopper | Q235 | Anti-corrosion coating | Dust collection and storage |
| Support Frame | Q235 structural steel | Powder coated | Stable structure, high load capacity |
4.2 Specification Parameters
| Parameter | Single Cyclone | Multi-Cyclone | High-Efficiency Type |
|---|---|---|---|
| Air Volume | 1,000~30,000m³/h | 10,000~100,000m³/h | 3,000~50,000m³/h |
| Inlet Velocity | 14~20m/s | 12~18m/s | 18~25m/s |
| Body Diameter | Φ300~Φ2000mm | Cyclone tube Φ100~Φ250mm | Φ300~Φ1500mm |
| Collection Efficiency | 80~90% (>10μm) | 85~95% (>5μm) | ≥95% (>10μm) |
| Pressure Drop | 800~1500Pa | 1000~2000Pa | 1200~2000Pa |
| Max Temperature | ≤400°C | ≤350°C | ≤400°C |
| Air Leakage Rate | ≤3% | ≤3% | ≤2% |
| Machine Weight | 200~3,000kg | 2,000~15,000kg | 500~5,000kg |
4.3 Performance Indicators
| Indicator | Parameter Value | Test Conditions |
|---|---|---|
| Cut Size d50 | 3~8μm | Standard dust, rated conditions |
| Efficiency for >5μm dust | 80~95% | Standard conditions, continuous operation |
| Efficiency for >10μm dust | ≥90% | Standard conditions, continuous operation |
| Pressure Drop | 800~2000Pa | Rated velocity operation |
| Wear-Resistant Service Life | ≥5 years (lined type) | Normal operating conditions |
| Noise Level | ≤80dB(A) | Measured at 1m from equipment |
| Equipment Availability | ≥99% | Annual statistics (no moving parts) |
4.4 Electrical Parameters
| Item | Parameter |
|---|---|
| Power Supply | 3P+N+PE, AC380V±10%, 50Hz |
| Fan Motor | Y-series 3-phase async motor / VFD motor |
| Rotary Valve Motor | YE2 series 0.75~2.2kW |
| Control System | PLC or relay control (optional) |
| DP Detection | DP transmitter 0~3000Pa (optional) |
| Safety Protection | E-stop, over-temp alarm |
| Communication | Ethernet, RS485, Modbus optional |
Note: The cyclone body itself has no electrical components; the electrical system mainly supports the fan and ash discharge devices.
5. Core Component Selection
| Component | Recommended Brand | Model | Function |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cyclone Body | OEM/Custom | CLT/A/XLP series | Core centrifugal separation component |
| Inner Tube (Vortex Finder) | OEM/Custom | Designed per body ratio | Guide cleaned gas discharge |
| Cone Section | OEM/Custom | Wear ceramic lining/NM400 | Direct dust to hopper |
| Hopper | OEM/Custom | Carbon steel/SS | Collect and store separated dust |
| Rotary Valve | Rigid impeller feeder | 200×200~400×400 | Continuous ash discharge, airlock |
| Induced Draft Fan | Siping/Jindun | 4-72/Y5-47 series | System draft power |
| Wear Lining | Zhengzhou Alumina/Domestic ceramic | 92% alumina ceramic tiles | Protect body and cone from wear |
Note: Core component brands can be configured per customer specification. Wear lining material can be selected based on dust abrasiveness.
6. Typical Application Fields
Wood Processing: Dust collection for sanders, saws, and planers. Effectively separates wood chips and shavings. Often used as pre-filter before bag filters to reduce dust load.
Grain Processing: Dedusting for grain conveying, grinding, and screening operations. Separates husks and dust to protect downstream equipment.
Mining: Dust collection for crushers and vibrating screens. Handles high-concentration coarse dust. Wear-resistant lined models extend service life.
Foundry: Dedusting for shot blasting and sand handling. Separates metal chips and foundry sand. High-temperature and wear-resistant.
Cement: Pre-dedusting at mill outlets and material transfer points. Reduces inlet concentration for downstream bag filters.
Chemical: Pre-separation for dryer and reactor exhaust. Removes large particles before fine filtration equipment.
7. Design Standards & Certification
| Standard Category | Standard No. | Standard Name |
|---|---|---|
| China | GB 16297-1996 | Comprehensive Emission Standard for Air Pollutants |
| International | ISO 9001:2015 | Quality Management System Requirements |
| Industry | ATEX | Dust Explosion Protection Certification |
| Industry | GB/T 16845-2017 | Dust Collectors — Terminology |
| Industry | HJ 2020-2012 | General Technical Specification for Bag Filter Projects |
| Industry | CE | EU Machinery Directive 2006/42/EC |
8. Customization Options
| Option | Description | Application Scenario |
|---|---|---|
| Wear Ceramic Lining | 92% alumina ceramic tile lining | Highly abrasive dust conditions |
| Explosion-Proof Configuration | Relief vents + anti-static grounding + Ex-proof motor | Combustible dust environments (ATEX) |
| VFD Induced Draft Fan | Variable frequency air volume control, energy saving | Variable air volume conditions |
| Stainless Steel Housing | All SS304/316L construction | Corrosive gas / food-grade requirements |
| Two-Stage Series Configuration | Two cyclones in series for higher efficiency | Fine dust high-efficiency separation |
| Water-Cooled Jacket | Water cooling structure | High-temperature gas (>400°C) |
| Online Monitoring System | Real-time pressure/temperature/dust monitoring | Environmental compliance monitoring |
9. Warranty Terms
| Warranty Item | Warranty Content |
|---|---|
| Machine Warranty Period | 12 months from acceptance date |
| Core Component Warranty | Body/cone/lining: 24 months |
| Fan Warranty | Fan motor: 24 months |
| Wear Lining Warranty | ≥5 years under normal conditions |
| Technical Training | Free training for 2~3 operators during installation |
| After-Sales Response | Phone response within 2 hours, on-site within 24~48 hours |
| Spare Parts Supply | Guaranteed for 5 years after production discontinuation |
Note: Free repair and replacement during warranty for quality-related failures; wear parts (lining) warranty requires proper operation; damage caused by human factors or force majeure is excluded.
10. Packaging & Delivery
| Item | Description |
|---|---|
| Packaging Method | Machine wrapped in moisture-proof film + wooden crate |
| Crate Specification | Export-grade plywood crate (fumigation-free) |
| Moisture Protection | Desiccant + vacuum aluminum foil bag |
| Shock Protection | EPE foam + bubble wrap cushioning |
| Lifting Method | 4-point top lifting |
| Transport Method | Truck/railway/ocean shipping |
Lead time: 30~45 working days after contract signing and deposit received. Installation & commissioning: Seller dispatches technicians for on-site installation, approximately 3~7 working days.
11. Inquiry Information Required
To receive an accurate quotation, please provide the following information:
Air volume (m³/h) and operating temperature
Inlet dust concentration (g/Nm³) and particle size distribution
Dust characteristics (abrasive/sticky/combustible/density)
Required collection efficiency or emission concentration
Installation space limitations and interface dimensions
Gas composition (corrosive gas content)
Explosion-proof requirement (ATEX)
Power supply and compressed air specifications
Whether used as pre-filter before bag filter
Other special customization requirements